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@#AIM: To compare the consistency of angle Kappa and angle Alpha in age-related cataract eyes with three different instruments. <p>METHODS: Prospective study. Totally 60 eyes of 30 patients with age-related cataract from December 1 to December 30, 2020 were collected. After adapting to 10min in the darkroom before operation, the angle Kappa and angle Alpha were measured with iTrace, Lenstar 900 and IOL Master 700 biometric instruments, respectively. The difference and consistency of the three instruments were analyzed.<p>RESULTS: The results of angle Kappa measurement of iTrace, Lenstar 900 and IOL Master 700 were 0.25±0.13, 0.19±0.11, 0.21±0.11mm(F=1.903, P=0.155). The results of angle Alpha measurement of the three instruments were 0.31±0.11, 0.36±0.16, 0.36±0.14mm(F=2.999, P=0.052). The proportion of angle Kappa of the three instruments greater than 0.5mm is 3%, 2% and 2%, and the proportion of angle Alpha greater than 0.5mm is 5%, 15% and 22%. The distribution of angle Kappa and angle Alpha is mainly in the temporal side of both eyes. Compared with the angle Kappa distribution of both eyes, the temporal distribution ratio of angle Alpha is higher, and the distribution of angle Alpha measured by iTrace is closer than that of Lenstar 900 and IOL Master 700 along the horizontal line. There was a positive correlation between angle Alpha and angle Kappa measured by each instrument(r=0.2941, 0.4082, 0.5137; P=0.0226, P=0.0012, P<0.0001). The consistency of angle Kappa measurement results of three kinds of instruments was good, while that of angle Alpha measurement results was poor.<p>CONCLUSION: When making the decision of multifocal intraocular lens implantation before cataract surgery, the consistency of angle Alpha measured by Lenstar 900, IOL Master 700 and iTrace is poor, so it is necessary to compare and refer to the results of various instruments in clinical application. When the data of angle Alpha could not be obtained before cataract surgery, the angle Kappa measured with the three instruments could provide useful information for multifocal IOL implantation decision.
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With the popularization and development of lung CT scanning and technology of bronchoscopy in pediatrics,central airway obstruction has been diagnosed more and more.Central airway obstruction can affect airway ventilation and secretion discharge,such children are often hospitalized for repeated pneumonia,and sometimes need mechanical ventilation but may be difficult weaning from it. Malnutrition,hypoxic brain injury and backward growth and development are often associated. In the past,central airway obstruction has been mainly treated by surgery. However,with the development of minimally invasive technology of bronchoscopy in children,airway stent implantation has become an effective and alternative treatment recently. This article reviews the types of pediatric central airway obstruction,indications and contraindication of airway stent implantation,types and selection of stent,and the procedures of stent implantation.
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the five most malignant cancer. ZX-1201 is one of the active constituents in Alismatis Rhizoma,a well-known traditional Chinese medi-cine with a wide variety of pharmacological properties including diuretic,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-atheroscle-rotic,anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities.We investigated the inhibitory effect of ZX-1201 on pancreatic cancer and the relevant molecular mechanism in vitro and in vivo. ZX-1201 inhibited the growth and metastasis of PANC-1 cells in BALB/c nude mice significantly.ZX-1201 inhibited the function of AQP1 via directly interaction and involved in the reversion process of ZX-1201 on TGF-β1. CTGF was an important protein in the reversion process of ZX-1201 on TGF-β1.ZX-1201 inhibited the migration of PANC-1 and CPFAC-1 cells induced by TGF-β1in vitro.ZX-1201 reversed the down-regu-lated of epithelial markers and up-regulated of mesenchymal markers, as well as the up-regulated of Snail and p-Smad2/3 induced by TGF-β1.And ZX-1201 reversed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by down-regulating AQP1 and inhibiting translocation of β-catenin, the promotor of CTGF. According to these,ZX-1201 inhibited the migration of pancreatic cancer cells.We concluded that ZX-1201 inhibited the growth and metastasis of PANC-1 cells in vivo significantly.And AQP1,β-catenin and CTGF were the pivotal proteins in the process of ZX-1201 inhibiting PANC-1 cells migration induced by TGF-β1.
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In the past two decades,with the increase of smoking population,more and more people are suffering from small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Besides,it is difficult to find an effective way to cure SCLC,since patience can easily develop drug resistance.On the other hand,with the development of science and technology,people began to study the anti-cancer strategy to increase apoptosis,such as inhibiting the overexpression of survival factors.In these survival factors,BCL-2 family has attracted a lot of attention.BH3-only protein is a member of BCL-2 family and it can directly inhibit the expression of BCL-2 protein,thereby prompting apoptosis.Since the BH3-only protein itself is difficult to become a clinical drug, to find alternatives BH3-only protein-BH3 mimetics is particularly important. Plus, more and more researchers have paid attention on the natural BH3 mimetic since it has less side-effect than artificial BH3 mimetics.To find possible BH3 mimetics,we made a primary screening with this pharma-cophore on a small molecular compounds library via Discovery Studio software. And then MTS assay were introduced to verify the activity of compounds. After that, we use Western Blot and Co-IP meth-ods to test the effect of BH3 mimetics.And finally use CDOCKER to predict the further mechanism on autophagy and apoptosis.In our studies, we found 3 possible BH3 mimetics compounds from 170,000 natural small molecular compounds via pharmacophore-based virtual screening.Furthermore,we dem-onstrated AD23,one of the 3 possible natural BH3 mimetics,induced autophagy and apoptosis simulta-neously in dose-time dependence in SCLC cell line. Finally, we use Molecular Docking to predict the further mechanism on autophagy and apoptosis. We believe our works would provide evidences and clues for the structural optimizing and further study of new drugs in the future.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the early predictors of necrotizing pneumonia in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 43 children with necrotizing pneumonia and 83 children with lobar pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed. Sex, age, the number of days with fever, laboratory examination results, and bronchoscopic findings were compared between the two groups. The multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the early predictors of necrotizing pneumonia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The necrotizing pneumonia group had a higher percentage of girls than the lobar pneumonia group (P<0.05). Compared with the lobar pneumonia group, the necrotizing pneumonia group had a larger number of days with fever, a higher peripheral blood white blood cell count (WBC), a higher percentage of neutrophils (NE%), and higher serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), albumin (Alb), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P<0.05). The necrotizing pneumonia group also had higher percentages of children with a large amount of sputum bolt under a bronchoscope which needed to be removed with biopsy forceps and children with rice-water-like bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P<0.05). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that being a female, the presence of sputum bolt under a bronchoscope which needed to be removed with biopsy forceps, the number of days with fever, WBC, hs-CRP, and LDH were independent predictors of necrotizing pneumonia. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the cut-off values of the latter 4 predictors were 18.5 d, 15.1×10(9)/L, 121.5 mg/L, and 353.5 U/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Increased WBC (≥15.1×10(9)/L), increased hs-CRP (≥121.5 mg/L), increased serum LDH (≥353.5 U/L), and the presence of sputum bolt under a bronchoscope which needs to be removed with biopsy forceps and rice-water-like bronchoalveolar lavage fluid may be the early predictors of necrotizing pneumonia in children.</p>